Effect of Mineral and Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Technological Parameters of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on Illimerized Luvisol
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Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach
Abstract
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As livestock production has decreased dramatically in
the Czech Republic in the last 25 years, the amount of organic
fertilizers applied to farmland has also declined. In the interest
of the effect of organic materials applied to arable land, we
took advantage of a long-term fertilizer experiment in Prague-
Ruzyně to evaluate the influence of mineral fertilizer and mineral
fertilizer combined with organic fertilizers on grain and straw
yield and quality parameters of our most important arable crop,
winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). We evaluated nine fertilizer
treatments: Control, Np, PKNp, NPK, NPK+farmyard manure
(NPK+FYM), NPK+cattle slurry (NPK+CS), NPK+cattle
slurry+straw (NPK+CS+straw), NPK+pig slurry (NPK+PS) and
NPK+pig slurry+straw (NPK+PS+straw) in two successive seasons
(2010 and 2011).
In 2010, the mean grain yields were 4.8, 6.47, 8.77, 9.19,
9.26 and 9.38 t ha-1 in Control, Np, NPK, NPK+FYM, NPK+CS
and NPK+CS+straw treatments, respectively. One year later, the
mean grain yields were 5.29, 5.35, 8.06, 8.84, 9.01 and 9.52 t ha-1
in Control, PKNp, NPK, NPK+FYM, NPK+PS+straw and
NPK+PS treatments, respectively. The straw yield, seed bulk
density, crude protein content, starch content and Zeleny sedimentation
test value were also significantly influenced by fertilizer
treatments. Comparing Control, FYM and FYM+NPK treatments
in 2010 and 2011, significant differences were recorded
in straw yield, seed bulk density, crude protein content, starch
content and Zeleny sedimentation test value.
We concluded that the grain and straw yield, together with
grain technological parameters can be significantly influenced
by the application of mineral and organic fertilizers and can significantly
differ between seasons. A combination of mineral and
organic fertilizers can even directly increase yield and quality parameters
in comparison to mineral fertilizers applied alone.
Keywords
Triticum aestivum, farmyard manure, cattle slurry,
pig slurry, crude protein content, starch content, Zeleny sedimen tation test