Polish Journal of Agronomy 01

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    Renewable energy multipurpose system for farmers (RAMseS) – an environmental, technical and economic assessment with a comparison with a conventional thermodynamic vehicle
    (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, 2009) El Asmar Toufic; Bardi Ugo; Karłowski Jerzy
    The main alternative to reduce the pollution derived from fossil fuels is to replace such fuels by means of renewable energy sources. The applied analysis through life cycle assess-ment showed that a vehicle powered by renewable energy sources, purely electric, battery driven, has considerable environmental and economic advantages over hybrid and/or conventional vehicles.In the present market conditions, the overall performance of an ICEV in economic terms is better than that of the RAMseS. Only when fuel prices reach 1.8 € L-1, RAMseS obtains paritywith the conventional system. The RAMSES investment can be recovered only if the net energy prices go up to above 0.35 € kWh-1 and 1.3 € kWh-1 respectively for RAMseS without EV and for RAMseS with the EV. Finally, the analysis shows that RAMseS payback period is maximum 9 years if net energy price does not get lower than 0.35 € kWh-1.
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    Production and allocation of biomass and radiation use efficiency in four clones of Salix viminalis L.
    (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach, 2009-03-31) Borek, Robert
    In this paper are presented results of experiments with willow clones in IUNG-PIB in Poland at the Osiny Experimental Station and at the Grabów Experimental Station, as well as clonal variability of basal biometric parameters of willow forms selected for cultivation. Dry matter allocation and its sun radiation effi ciency were discussed. Number of stems per stool, shoot diameter, shoot height and leaf area index were studied. The highest yields were recorded in 2004 and the lowest in 2006. Signifi cantly higher number of stems per stool was found for clone 1054 at Osiny. The greatest share of shoots in the biomass was found in clones 1023 and 1054. Solar radiation use effi ciency by the willow was comparable to the values reported in the literature.
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    Possibilities of weed control in spring cereals by herbicides applied at reduced rates
    (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach, 2009-03-31) Krzysztof Domaradzki; Renata Kieloch
    In the European countries leading in agricultural production like Great Britain, France, Germany and the Scandinavian , in the last several years, the tendency to use pesticides more rationally is observed. The tendency to reduce the use of pesticides is connected with the policy of the governments of the European Union countries. In the years 2003–2006 the evaluation of herbicides’ efficacy used at different rates for weed control in spring wheat and spring barley was tested. Each of tested herbicides was used at four rates – full recommended (100%) and at three lowered (75%; 50% and 25%). The best results of weeds control in spring cereals gave tribenuron methyl plus an adjuvant which excellent reduced fresh mass of weeds even it was used at 25% of recommended rate. The same effect was observed after application half of recommended rate mixtures 2,4-D + fl orasulam, amidosulfuron+iodosulfuron, amidosulfuron+metribusin and 2,4-D + fl uroxypyr. The similar results were occurred after application of MCPA + fl uroxypyr at 75% recommended rate. Application of herbicides at rates reduced by 25% to 75% to recommended rate had not signifi cant impact on grain yield of spring barely and spring wheat.