Preliminary Assessment of the Neuroprotective Potential of the Above-Ground Parts of Two Carlina Species (Asteraceae)

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dc.contributor.authorMołdoch, Jarosław
dc.contributor.authorAgacka-Mołdoch, Monika
dc.contributor.authorSoluch, Agata
dc.contributor.authorRudkowska, Monika
dc.contributor.authorWojtunik-Kulesza, Karolina
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-19T07:12:06Z
dc.date.available2026-03-19T07:12:06Z
dc.date.issued2026-03-18
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and neuroprotective potential of extracts from underground and aerial parts of two Carlina species: Carlina acaulis (CA) and Carlina vulgaris (CV). Metabolic profiling performed via UHPLC-UV-MS/MS revealed a distinct chemotaxonomic differentiation between the taxa. C. acaulis was defined as a “phenolic-acid” chemotype dominated by 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (up to 32.11 mg/g in leaves), whereas C. vulgaris was characterized as a “flavonoid” chemotype, distinguished by a unique C-glycoside signature, including carlinoside and schaftoside. A significant aspect of scientific novelty is the first-ever identification of flavonolignans (e.g., salcolin A/B and tricin derivatives) in the roots of both species. In biological assays, the extracts demonstrated a multidirectional neuroprotective mechanism. Good antioxidant properties (DPPH, FRAP assays) were confirmed, particularly in CA leaves and CV inflorescences which revealed 61% of DPPH scavenging, along with the capacity to chelate Fe(II) ions (above 60% for CA inflorescence, CV leaves and CV root), a crucial mechanism in ferroptosis prevention. Furthermore, leaf extracts of both species exhibited effective inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) exceeding 50%, showing kinetic selectivity towards BChE inhibition. These results position Carlina species as a promising source of metabolites supporting the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research received no external funding.
dc.identifier.citationAppl. Sci. 2026, 16, 2907
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/app16062907
dc.identifier.issn2076-3417
dc.identifier.urihttps://bc.iung.pl/handle/123456789/4731
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/16/6/2907
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.subjectCarlina acaulis, Carlina vulgaris, neuroprotection, polyphenols, C-glycosides f lavones, flavonolignans, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, cholinesterase inhibitors, DPPH, FRAP
dc.titlePreliminary Assessment of the Neuroprotective Potential of the Above-Ground Parts of Two Carlina Species (Asteraceae)
dc.typeArticle
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