Bufadienolide Penetration Through the Skin Membrane and Antiaging Properties of Kalanchoe spp. Juices in Dermal Applications

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dc.contributor.authorHering, Anna
dc.contributor.authorCal, Krzysztof
dc.contributor.authorKowalczyk, Mariusz
dc.contributor.authorKastsevich, Alina
dc.contributor.authorIvashchanka, Yahor
dc.contributor.authorOchocka, J. Renata
dc.contributor.authorStefanowicz-Hajduk, Justyna
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-12T11:36:34Z
dc.date.available2025-02-12T11:36:34Z
dc.date.issued2025-02-09
dc.description.abstractSkin aging is accelerated by inflammation processes generated by oxidative stress and external factors such as UV radiation. Plants belonging to the genus Kalanchoe that are rich sources of antioxidants could potentially strengthen the skin barrier if used as ingredients in cosmetic formulations. However, their use is limited due to the contents of bufadienolides, known cardiotoxins. This study aimed to establish a semi-quantitative profile of bufadienolides in the juices of K. blossfeldiana, K. daigremontiana, and K. pinnata using UHPLC combined with charged aerosol detection (CAD) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Additionally, the study determined the ability of bufadienolides to penetrate the skin barrier using the Bronaugh Diffusion Cell Apparatus and Strat-M membrane. The study also assessed the ferric and molybdenum-reducing powers, as well as the radical scavenging capabilities of these plants juices using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) methods. The in vitro antihyaluronidase and antityrosinase activities and sun protection factor (SPF) were evaluated spectrophotometrically, indicating moderate capability to inhibit the skin enzymes, but low SPF protection for all analyzed juices. The semi-qualitative analysis demonstrated the presence of bufadienolides occurring in two juices from K. daigremontiana and K. pinnata, with the highest contents of 1,3,5-bersaldegenin-orthoacetate, bryophyllin-A/bryotoxin-C, bersaldegenin-acetate/bryophyllin-C, and diagremontianin. After passing through the skin model, no bufadienolide compounds were present in the subcutaneous filtrate. Antiradical and reduction assays revealed the antioxidant potential of K. blossfeldiana and K. pinnata. These results indicate that Kalanchoe juices have antiaging potential and appear safe for dermal applications.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors would like to thank the Medical University of Gdansk for its financial support of the study (statutory funds).
dc.identifier.citationMolecules 2025, 30, 802
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/molecules30040802
dc.identifier.issn1420-3049
dc.identifier.urihttps://bc.iung.pl/handle/123456789/2623
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.subjectbufadienolide
dc.subjectskin aging
dc.subjectanti-inflammatory properties
dc.subjectwhitening effect
dc.subjectKalanchoe
dc.subjectfree radicals
dc.subjectStrat-M membrane
dc.titleBufadienolide Penetration Through the Skin Membrane and Antiaging Properties of Kalanchoe spp. Juices in Dermal Applications
dc.typeArticle
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