The Significance of Herbicide–Humin Interactions in Sustainable Agroecosystems

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dc.contributor.authorJerzykiewicz, Maria
dc.contributor.authorĆwieląg-Piasecka, Irmina
dc.contributor.authorWeber, Jerzy
dc.contributor.authorUkalska-Jaruga, Aleksandra
dc.contributor.authorJamroz, Elżbieta
dc.contributor.authorKocowicz, Andrzej
dc.contributor.authorDębicka, Magdalena
dc.contributor.authorBekier, Jakub
dc.contributor.authorMielnik, Lilla
dc.contributor.authorBejger, Romualda
dc.contributor.authorBanach-Szott, Magdalena
dc.contributor.authorGrabusiewicz, Agnieszka
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-16T10:52:46Z
dc.date.available2025-04-16T10:52:46Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractHumin, as the most stable fraction in soil organic matter, determines possibility of sustainable environmental development by influencing, among other things, the binding and migration of different chemicals in soil. The aim of this paper was to determine changes in the properties of humins after interaction with three selected active substances of herbicides differing in structure and chemical properties (pendimethalin, metazachlor, and flufenacet) and two different commercial products. In accordance with OECD 106 guidelines, humins isolated from eight different soils were saturated with herbicide compounds under study. As humin is a non-hydrolyzable organic carbon fraction, solid state research techniques (elemental analysis, NMR, FTIR, EPR, and UV-Vis) were applied. The results clearly showed that the interaction between humin and herbicides increases the concentration of oxygen-containing groups and the internal oxidation (ω) in humin. For all investigated humins, a reduction in radical concentration was observed. Radicals in humins were not completely quenched; a certain concentration of radicals with unchanged structure always remained in the samples. Other spectroscopic analyses showed no significant changes in the structure of pesticide-saturated and non-saturated humins. This suggests that sorption of the studied compounds occurs on the humins only as a result of the interaction of physical forces on the surface of the studied organic matter fraction. Thus, interaction with the studied herbicides occurs as a surface phenomenon, and the inner core remains protected by the condensed structure and/or strong binding to the clay minerals.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was financed by the EJP SOIL program (the National Centre for Research and Development, Poland, Grant number EJPSOIL/I/78/SOMPACS/2022).
dc.identifier.citationSustainability 2025, 17, 3449
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su17083449
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.urihttps://bc.iung.pl/handle/123456789/3264
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.subjectEPR
dc.subject13C CP MAS NMR
dc.subjectFTIR
dc.subjectradicals
dc.titleThe Significance of Herbicide–Humin Interactions in Sustainable Agroecosystems
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