The impact of Paulownia– buckwheat intercropping on the biodiversity of different living biota

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dc.contributor.authorLiszewski, Marek
dc.contributor.authorJama-Rodzeńska, Anna
dc.contributor.authorWoźniak, Małgorzata
dc.contributor.authorGębarowska, Elżbieta
dc.contributor.authorSiebielec, Sylwia
dc.contributor.authorTwardowski, Jacek
dc.contributor.authorGruss, Iwona
dc.contributor.authorTendziagolska, Ewa
dc.contributor.authorKuc, Piotr
dc.contributor.authorChorbiński, Paweł
dc.contributor.authorZalewski, Dariusz
dc.contributor.authorGałka, Bernard
dc.date.accessioned2026-10-19T10:26:24Z
dc.date.available2026-10-19T10:26:24Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractIntercropping has emerged as a promising strategy to improve agroecosystem biodiversity and mitigate some adverse effects associated with intensive monoculture systems. This study evaluated weed infestation and biodiversity responses in a Paulownia–buckwheat intercropping system compared with buckwheat monoculture under the environmental conditions of southwestern Poland. Weed species composition, abundance, and biomass were assessed at different growth stages of buckwheat. Selected agroecosystem components, including soil microorganisms, soil mesofauna, and pollinator abundance, were evaluated. The intercropping system increased Collembola diversity and Acari abundance, while higher diversity and richness of segetal plant species were also observed compared with monoculture. Higher bacterial abundance and dehydrogenase activity were recorded under intercropping, whereas fungal community composition remained generally stable between cultivation systems. Several melliferous weed species were identified within the intercropping system, potentially supporting pollinator activity. Although no statistically significant differences were observed in pollinator-related parameters, nectar productivity and sugar availability tended to be higher under intercropping conditions, suggesting that the Paulownia–buckwheat system may contribute to maintaining pollinator activity and supporting agroecosystem biodiversity. No significant differences in buckwheat yield or biometric traits were found between cultivation systems. Overall, the results indicate that Paulownia–buckwheat intercropping may enhance selected components of agroecosystem biodiversity without reducing crop productivity.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences (Poland) as part of the research project no. N090/0008/24). The APC was co-financed by Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences.
dc.identifier.citationScientific Reports (2026) 16:28315
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41598-026-58572-1
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322
dc.identifier.urihttps://bc.iung.pl/handle/123456789/4818
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-58572-1
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNature Portfolio
dc.subjectbeekeeping value, buckwheat, Paulownia, mesofauna, soil microorganisms, weeds
dc.titleThe impact of Paulownia– buckwheat intercropping on the biodiversity of different living biota
dc.typeArticle
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