Enterobacteriaceae in Sewage Sludge and Digestate Intended for Soil Fertilization

dc.contributor.authorWójcik-Fatla, Angelina
dc.contributor.authorFarian, Ewelina
dc.contributor.authorKowalczyk, Katarzyna
dc.contributor.authorSroka, Jacek
dc.contributor.authorSkowron, Piotr
dc.contributor.authorSiebielec, Grzegorz
dc.contributor.authorZdybel, Jolanta Małgorzata
dc.contributor.authorJadczyszyn, Tamara
dc.contributor.authorCencek, Tomasz
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-06T13:44:38Z
dc.date.available2024-12-06T13:44:38Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractSubstances of organic origin are seeing increasing use in agriculture as rich sources of nutrients for plants. The aim of this study was to determine the microbiological contamination of sewage sludge and digestate to assess their safe use as fertilizers in Poland. The assessment of microbial soil, sewage sludge and digestate contamination was based on the total number of mesophilic bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family. The presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. was identified via culture and the presence of Enterobacteriaceae species was determined via biochemical and molecular methods. In laboratory conditions, the survival of E. coli in soil fertilized with sewage sludge or digestate inoculated with a reference strain was determined. The average concentration of Enterobacteriaceae in soil, sewage sludge and digestate samples was 1.1 × 104 CFU/g, 9.4 × 105 CFU/g and 5.6 × 106 CFU/g, respectively. Escherichia coli was detected in all sample types. From the soil samples, Serratia, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Citrobacter and Pseudomonas genera were identified the most frequently, while in sewage sludge and digestate, E. coli was predominant. Based on the results of our laboratory experiment, it can be concluded that after three weeks, fertilization with organic waste in acceptable doses does not significantly increase soil contamination with Enterobacteriaceae.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the National Centre for Research and Development (Narodowe Centrum Bada´n i Rozwoju—NCBiR), Grant No.: GOSPOSTRATEG-III/0061/2020–00 OrgSafety: “Introduction of an innovative, cheap and environmentally-friendly method of hygienizing organic waste, enabling its use in fertilization”.
dc.identifier.citationPathogens 2024, 13, 1056
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pathogens13121056
dc.identifier.issn2076-0817
dc.identifier.urihttps://bc.iung.pl/handle/123456789/2455
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.subjectEnterobacteriaceae
dc.subjectsoil
dc.subjectsewage sludge
dc.subjectdigestate
dc.subjectEscherichia coli
dc.subjectSalmonella
dc.subjectfertilizers
dc.titleEnterobacteriaceae in Sewage Sludge and Digestate Intended for Soil Fertilization
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