Browsing by Author "Wolska, Lidia"

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    Changes in metabolism and content of chlorophyll in common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) caused by environmental contamination with fluorides.
    (MDPI, 2024) Kamiński, Jan; Stachelska-Wierzchowska, Alicja; Michalczyk, Dariusz J.; Klimkowicz-Pawlas, Agnieszka; Olkowska, Ewa; Wolska, Lidia; Piotrowicz-Cieślak, Agnieszka I.
    The impact of fluorine on plants remains poorly understood. We examined duckweed growth in extracts of soil contaminated with fluorine leached from chicken manure. Additionally, fluorine levels were analyzed in fresh manure, outdoor-stored manure, and soil samples at varying distances from the manure pile. Fresh manure contained 37–48 mg F− × kg−1, while soil extracts contained 2.1 to 4.9 mg F− × kg−1. We evaluated the physiological effects of fluorine on duckweed cultured on soil extracts or in 50% Murashige–Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with fluorine concentrations matching those in soil samples (2.1 to 4.9 mg F− × L−1), as well as at 0, 4, and 210 mg × L−1. Duckweed exposed to fluorine displayed similar toxicity symptoms whether in soil extracts or supplemented medium. Fluoride at concentrations of 2.1 to 4.9 mg F− × L−1 reduced the intact chlorophyll content, binding the porphyrin ring at position 32 without affecting Mg2+. This reaction resulted in chlorophyll a absorption peak shifted towards shorter wavelengths and formation of a new band of the F−-chlorophyll a complex at λ = 421 nm. Moreover, plants exposed to low concentrations of fluorine exhibited increased activities of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and chlorophyllase, whereas the activities of both enzymes sharply declined when the fluoride concentration exceeded 4.9 mg × L−1. Consequently, fluorine damages chlorophyll a, disrupts the activity of chlorophyll-metabolizing enzymes, and diminishes the plant growth rate, even when the effects of these disruptions are too subtle to be discerned by the naked human eye.
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    The impact of antibiotics on the microbiome of edible plants and its implications for consumer health
    (Elsevier, 2026-04-14) Piotrowicz-Cieślak, Agnieszka I.; Klimkowicz-Pawlas, Agnieszka; Piechowicz, Lidia; Ukalska-Jaruga, Aleksandra; Gałązka, Anna; Krupka, Magdalena; Wolska, Lidia
    The aim of this study was to determine the principles governing the composition of the microbiome associated with the soil-root-plant (phyllosphere) system and to analyze the mechanisms influencing its functioning. Particular attention was given to identifying the factors shaping the structure of the soil microbiota, its dynamics, and its impact on plant physiology and human health. The plant-associated microbiome forms a complex ecosystem composed of microorganisms interacting within three main zones: the soil (rhizosphere), roots (endosphere), and aerial plant parts (phyllosphere). Their presence and activity are closely dependent on environmental conditions, such as soil mineral composition and plant-specific traits. A key focus is to identify the major groups of microorganisms that play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem balance. These microorgan¬ isms can perform symbiotic functions, supporting plant growth by enhancing nutrient availability, protecting against pathogens, and stimulating the plant immune system. This study focuses on identifying the major groups of microorganisms that play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem balance, and on assessing the potential risks posed by specific microbial groups, including their role in plant pathogenesis and in the transmission of harmful substances through the food chain.