Browsing by Author "Tobiasz-Salach, Renata"
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Item Assessing the impact of foliar fertilization with manganese and copper on the yield and chemical composition of spring barley(Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach) Tobiasz-Salach, Renata; Jańczak-Pieniążek, Marta; Bobrecka-Jamro, DorotaItem Assessment of the condition and possibilities of organic production in Poland(Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach, 2021) Tobiasz-Salach, Renata; Stadnik, BarbaraItem Evaluation of quality of wheat planted nearby primary roads(Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach, 2010) Buczek, Jan; Tobiasz-Salach, Renata; Bobrecka-Jamro, DorotaItem Foliar Application of Silicon Influences the Physiological and Epigenetic Responses of Wheat Grown Under Salt Stress(MDPI, 2024) Tobiasz-Salach, Renata; Stadnik, Barbara; Mazurek, Marzena; Buczek, Jan; Leszczyńska, DanutaSoil salinity is considered a serious problem that limits agricultural productivity. Currently, solutions are being sought to mitigate the negative impact of salt on economically important crops. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of silicon (Si) on the physiological and epigenetic responses of wheat grown under salt stress conditions. The experiment with wheat seedlings was established in pots with 200 mM NaCl added. After 7 days, foliar fertilizer (200 g L−1 SiO2) was used at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%. Physiological parameters were measured three times. The addition of salt caused a significant decrease in the values of the measured parameters in plants of all variants. In plants sprayed with Si fertilizer under salinity conditions, a significant increase in CCI and selected gas exchange parameters (PN, Ci, E, gs) and chlorophyll fluorescence (PI, RC/ABS, FV/Fm, Fv/F0) was observed. Si doses of 0.1 and 0.2% showed a better mitigating effect compared to the dose of 0.05%. The observed effect was maintained over time. The results obtained indicate a positive role for foliar silicon fertilization in mitigating salinity stress in wheat. Epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in regulating gene expression in response to stress. Changes in the status of methylation of the 5′CCGG3′ sequence of the nuclear genome of wheat plants exposed to salinity and treated with Si at different doses were determined by the MSAP approach. The obtained results showed a clear alteration of DNA methylation in plants as a response to experimental factors. The methylation changes were silicon dose-dependent. These modifications may suggest a mechanism for plant adaptation under salt stress after silicon application.Item Yield, Polyphenol and Carotenoid Content, and Mycotoxin Occurrence in Grains of Four Winter Barley Varieties Grown in Different Nitrogen Fertilization Conditions in Poland(MDPI, 2025-06-19) Kazimierczak, Renata; Średnicka-Tober, Dominika; Kopczyńska, Klaudia; Wojtczak, Julia; Żebrowska-Krasuska, Małgorzata; Hallmann, Ewelina; Leszczyńska, Danuta; Nowacka, Anna; Hołodyńska-Kulas, Agnieszka; Tobiasz-Salach, Renata; Gnusowski, BogusławBarley has consistently been ranked among the four most grown cereals in the world. Integrated agronomic approaches, combining a selection of optimal genotypes and growing conditions, may help to provide high yields of quality and safe barley grains. This study aimed to assess the yield, polyphenol and carotenoid content, and mycotoxin presence in grains of four winter barley varieties—Hobbit, Zoom, Galation, and Sandra—grown under different nitrogen (N) fertilization levels. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze bioactive compounds, while liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was applied to determine mycotoxin occurrence. Results showed that Hobbit and Zoom had higher yields, with Hobbit benefiting from higher N fertilization levels. While no significant differences in phenolic acids (sum) were observed among the barley varieties tested (av. 80.50 ± 6.78 mg/100 g), higher N levels raised flavonoid content (46.78 ± 4.35 vs. 38.82 ± 3.54 mg/100 g). Zoom was characterized by the highest total polyphenol levels (130.45 ± 12.50 mg/100 g). Among the 14 mycotox tested, only two were frequently found in the grain samples (DON and 15-Ac-DON), with Sandra being the least and Galation the most susceptible. The N fertilization doses did not significantly impact mycotoxin levels in grains. The insights gained from this study can inform the development and selection of barley varieties and growing conditions that offer optimized yields, enhanced nutritional value, and reduced susceptibility to mycotoxin contamination, tailored to the producers’ and consumers’ expectations and to sustainable farming goals.