Browsing by Author "Marczewska-Kolasa, Katarzyna"

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    Competitiveness indicators of silky bentgrass (Apera spica-venti L.) of different susceptibility to herbicides toward winter wheat
    (Komitet Ochrony Roślin PAN, Instytut Ochrony Roślin - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, 2025-09-25) Jop, Beata; Marczewska-Kolasa, Katarzyna; Wójtowicz, Tomasz; Kucharski, Mariusz; Synowiec, Agnieszka
    Silky bentgrass (Apera spica-venti L.) is one of Central Europe’s most troublesome mono cotyledonous weeds of winter crops. This study aimed to analyze the competitiveness of biotypes of silky bentgrass against winter wheat, depending on the type of soil substrate and nitrogen fertilization. In this research, in a pot experiment during two seasons, the effect of bentgrass plants, of different sensitivity/resistance to herbicides, on winter wheat was studied in an additive model. It was carried out on sandy or clay soil, either non-ferti lized or fertilized with nitrogen. The competitive indices were calculated based on several wheat morphological and yield features. Multivariate analysis was incorporated to interpret the data. As a result, it was found that wheat performance was affected by bentgrass com petition. No clear effect of soil type and nitrogen fertilization on the competitiveness of A. spica-venti biotypes was demonstrated. Only in one season was the pyroxsulam-resistant biotype competitive to the winter wheat when grown on fertilized clay soil. Further re search with varied numbers of winter wheat and bentgrass is advised to assess crop-weed effects further.
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    Emergence and Phenological Development of Herbicide-Sensitive and Herbicide-Resistant Biotypes of Apera Spica-Venti and Winter Wheat under Competition
    (MDPI, 2024) Jop, Beata; Wójtowicz, Tomasz; Marczewska-Kolasa, Katarzyna; Kucharski, Mariusz; Synowiec, Agnieszka
    As a result of intensive herbicide protection of crops against silky bentgrass (Apera spicaventi (L.) P. Beauv), numerous herbicide-resistant biotypes have been selected, mainly from the group of acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. We analyzed the development of herbicide-sensitive and herbicide-resistant biotypes of bentgrass and winter wheat under competition, taking into account selected physical and chemical properties of the soil, including nitrogen fertilization. The pot experiment (additive model) was conducted in the 2018/19 and 2019/20 seasons. The experimental factors included: (1) bentgrass with different sensitivity levels to herbicides from the groups HRAC/WSSA 1 and HRAC/WSSA 2, specifically two sensitive and three resistant biotypes; (2) two types of soil, sandy and clay; and (3) nitrogen fertilization, both with and without fertilization. Winter wheat and bentgrass development was assessed during each growing season, every 5 or 3 days from September until May, using the BBCH scale. The emergence date of the tested species/biotypes was recorded. The development of competing species was compared based on a new, proposed index: the duration of the developmental phases. As a result, the soil type and fertilization level differentiated wheat and bentgrass emergence dates and development. The autumn development of the competing species was slower and more uniform than the spring one. At the same time, the dynamics of the bentgrass and wheat development in the spring were greater. Bentgrass and winter wheat emerged earlier and grew more intensively on clay and fertilized soil. To sum up, no clear relationship was found between the resistance/sensitivity of bentgrass to herbicides and changes in the phenological development of plants in competition with winter wheat.
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    Możliwości łącznego stosowania bioregulatorów i herbicydów w zbożach
    (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, 2009) Marczewska-Kolasa, Katarzyna; Kieloch, Renata
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    Odporność chwastów na herbicydy w świetle badań IUNG-PIB w latach 1999–2010
    (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, 2012) Kucharski, Mariusz; Marczewska-Kolasa, Katarzyna; Domaradzki, Krzysztof
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    Temperature-dependent germination dynamics of herbicide-resistant and susceptible blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) and silky windgrass (Apera spica-venti) from Poland
    (Nature, 2026) Marcinkowska, Katarzyna; Synowiec, Agnieszka; Łacka, Agnieszka; Wenda-Piesik, Anna; Gala-Czekaj, Dorota; Haliniarz, Małgorzata; Marczewska-Kolasa, Katarzyna; Domaradzki, Krzysztof; Podsiadło, Cezary; Pytlarz, Elżbieta
    Herbicide-resistant grass weeds, including blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) and silky windgrass (Apera spica‑venti (L.) P.Beauv), pose an escalating challenge to sustainable cereal production in Europe. This study examined temperature‑dependent germination dynamics of herbicide‑resistant (HR) and susceptible (S) biotypes of both species collected from Polish agroecosystems. Germination was tested under five temperatures: constant 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C, and alternating 15/5°C. Resistance groups were evaluated using the area under the germination curve (AUC), a cumulative measure that integrates both the speed and extent of germination. In both species, temperature strongly modulated germination dynamics. Multiple‑resistant blackgrass biotypes exhibited higher germination rates at certain temperatures, suggesting distinct physiological responses among resistance types rather than uniform adaptation across temperature ranges. Conversely, multiple-resistant silky windgrass biotypes (e.g., M1235) germinated vigorously at 5 °C. Still, they declined at warmer temperatures, achieving the highest AUC at 5 °C but the lowest at 20 °C (a difference exceeding 74 units), suggesting a temperature-specific shift in dormancy release or germination physiology. Susceptible groups germinated more slowly and consistently across temperatures. These contrasting thermal responses reveal that herbicide-resistant populations can exploit different temperature niches, potentially influencing their emergence timing and competitive ability in the field. Understanding these patterns is essential for developing climate-adapted, resistance-aware weed management strategies, including optimized sowing schedules and integrated, non-chemical control measures.
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    Zagrożenie upraw polowych gatunkami chwastów odpornymi na herbicydy w świetle badań w Polsce
    (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, 2024) Marczewska-Kolasa, Katarzyna