Browsing by Author "Bujak, Henryk"

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    ANALySIS OF THE VARIABILITy OF INFECTION OF WINTER RyE CULTIVARS By THE FUNGUS PucciNia REcoNdita IN LOWER SILESIA
    (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach) weber, Ryszard; Bujak, Henryk; Nowosad, Kamila; Gacek, Edward; Kotowicz, Ludwik
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    Assessment of Resistance of Barley Varieties to Diseases in Polish Organic Field Trials
    (MDPI, 2024) Lenartowicz, Tomasz ; Bujak, Henryk; Przystalski, Marcin; Mashevska, Inna; Nowosad, Kamila; Jończyk, Krzysztof; Feledyn-Szewczyk, Beata
    Leaf rust and net blotch are two important fungal diseases of barley. Leaf rust is the most important rust disease of barley, whereas net blotch can result in significant yield losses and cause the deterioration of crop quality. The best and the most environmentally friendly method to control diseases is to cultivate resistant varieties. The aim of the current study was to identify barley varieties with an improved resistance to leaf rust and net blotch in Polish organic postregistration trials conducted in the years 2020–2022. For this purpose, the cumulative link mixed model with several variance components was applied to model resistance to leaf rust and net blotch. It was found that the reference variety Radek was the most resistant to leaf rust, whereas variety Avatar outperformed the reference variety in terms of resistance to net blotch, although the difference between the two varieties was non-significant. In the present study, the use of the cumulative link mixed model framework made it possible to calculate cumulative probabilities or the probability of a given score for each variety and disease, which might be useful for plant breeders and crop experts. Both, the method of analysis and resistant varieties may be used in the breeding process to derive new resistant varieties suitable for the organic farming system.
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    Yield Stability and Adaptability of Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Varieties in Polish Organic Field Trials
    (MDPI, 2024) Lenartowicz, Tomasz; Bujak, Henryk; Przystalski, Marcin; Piecuch, Karolina; Jończyk, Krzysztof; Feledyn-Szewczyk, Beata
    In the next few years, the demand for organic crops, including barley, will grow. Barley is one of the world’s most important crops cultivated for food and feed. With the forecasted increase in cropped area, there is a need for stable, well-adapted and high-yielding varieties. The aim of this study was to assess the yield stability of ten varieties tested in the Polish organic post-registration trials in the years 2020–2022. For this purpose, we fitted a linear mixed model on plot data. Additionally, for each variety, we calculated the probability of the yield falling to a certain threshold. It is shown that the Bente variety was the highest-yielding among the tested varieties. The Pilote variety was the most stable in terms of Shukla’s stability variance. Furthermore, for the three highest-yielding varieties, the lowest values of the simultaneous selection index and the probability of falling below a certain threshold were obtained. We can, therefore, conclude that the highest-yielding varieties should be promoted for cultivation. Moreover, new varieties suitable for organic farming can be bred from the highest-yielding and most stable varieties.